13.特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)

　　有一些特殊的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)也經(jīng)常成為出題的對(duì)象，因此考生應(yīng)該對(duì)以下標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的用法較為熟悉：冒號(hào)、括號(hào)、破折號(hào)以及引號(hào)。

　　逗號(hào)：兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間的內(nèi)容、或者一個(gè)逗號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容，通常都起到補(bǔ)充說明第一個(gè)逗號(hào)前面內(nèi)容的作用。

　　冒號(hào)：冒號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容通常都是用來解釋說明前面的內(nèi)容，例如前面是抽象的概念后面就是對(duì)這個(gè)概念的具體說明。

　　括號(hào)：括號(hào)中間的內(nèi)容通常用來解釋或補(bǔ)充說明括號(hào)前面的內(nèi)容。

　　破折號(hào)：兩個(gè)破折號(hào)之間的內(nèi)容、或者一個(gè)破折號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容，通常表示解釋說明或者補(bǔ)充說明。

　　引號(hào)：表示引用他人的觀點(diǎn)，一般用來從正面或者反面支持作者的觀點(diǎn)。

　　相關(guān)的考題一般都是關(guān)于文章細(xì)節(jié)的問題。需要注意的是考題在考查標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)用法是往往不會(huì)明確說明，需要考生自己去判斷并根據(jù)具體情況分析標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的用法。

　　真題演練

　　March 16th is World Sleep Day. This year’s slogan (標(biāo)語) is “Breathe Easily， Sleep Well”. Its aim is to celebrate the benefits (好處) of good and healthy sleep.

　　Sleep is like food for the brain. Enough sleep helps the body and brain grow and develop.

　　According to the National Sleep Foundation in the US， adults need seven to nine hours of sleep every night. For students aged 10 to 17， a healthy amount is about eight to nine hours per night.

　　But many students don’t get enough sleep because of early school start times and heavy homework. About 80 percent of middle school students don’t get enough sleep， the China Youth and Children Research Center reported. For some students， they want to sleep early， but they keep worrying about their schoolwork and can’t fall asleep quickly. For others， they may even have insomnia which might keep them awake all night.

　　These sleeping problems greatly affect people’s lives. Experts have shown that lack of sleep for teenagers leads to poor grades. Students without enough sleep cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports. Also， the lack of sleep may make them depressed (沮喪的).

　　Luckily， with good sleep habits， it is easier to fall asleep. Some of these good habits include avoiding drinks that make people excited late in the day， going to sleep at the same time each night， and sleeping in a comfortable place that is dark， quiet， and neither too warm nor too cold.

　　1、If Li Hong is 15 years old， how much sleep does she need every night？

　　A．10-12 hours.

　　B．8-9 hours.

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