第15講：狀語(yǔ)從句

 

　　狀語(yǔ)從句是句子的狀語(yǔ)由一個(gè)從句充當(dāng)，來修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞，形容詞或副詞等。狀語(yǔ)從句都由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，與主句連接，放在句末時(shí)，一般不在前面加逗號(hào)。

 

　　狀語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)它表示的意思可分為時(shí)間，原因，條件，比較，結(jié)果，目的等類。下面我們揀重點(diǎn)的一個(gè)一個(gè)來分析。

 

　　時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：是由when, as, while, after, before, since, until, as soon as 等從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不能用一般將來時(shí)，只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 如:I will call you as soon as I arrive there.

 

　　原因狀語(yǔ)從句： because, since, as和for都表示原因。常常令我們不知該用哪個(gè)好。我們來比較一下。because語(yǔ)勢(shì)最強(qiáng)，回答why提出的問題，用來說明人所不知的原因。當(dāng)能夠很明顯的看出原因或人們已知原因，就用as或since。如：I don't like that coat,because the color looks terrible. 由because引導(dǎo)的從句如果放在句末，且前面有逗號(hào)，則可以用for來代替。但如果不是說明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for。如：He is not here, because / for his mother is ill.

 

　　目的狀語(yǔ)從句：表示目的狀語(yǔ)的從句可以由in order that, so that,等詞引導(dǎo)。如：You must raise your voice so that/in order that everybody can hear you clearly.

 

　　結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句常由so...that 或 such...that引導(dǎo)，要掌握和區(qū)分這兩個(gè)句型，首先要了解so和such后面分別跟什么詞。such是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so是副詞,只能修飾形容詞或副詞。so 還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many, few, much, little連用，形成固定搭配。如：The box is so heavy that I can't carry it.

 

　　讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：是由though, although 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。though, although 和 but不能同時(shí)使用。

 

　　Although it rained, they had a good time.

 

　　練習(xí)：

 

　　1. She will find him a kind man when she _________him.

 

　　A. knows

 

　　B. know

 

　　C. will know

 

　　D. is going to know

 

　　2. We'll go out for a walk as soon as it ________.

 

　　A. stops raining

 

　　B. raining

 

　　C. stop to rain

 

　　D. rain

 

　　3. The film was _____ interesting _____ everyone wanted to see it again.

 

　　A. too, to

 

　　B. so, that

 

　　C. not ,until

 

　　D. very, that

 

　　4. We don't understand the passage ______ there is few words in it.

 

　　A. and

 

　　B. if

 

　　C. though

 

　　D. because

 

　　5. You are sure to pass the exam _______ you study hard.

 

　　A. if

 

　　B. though

 

　　C. that

 

　　D. when

 

　　6. If you _____ free tomorrow, we won't go for a picnic.

 

　　A. aren't

 

　　B. won't be

 

　　C. weren't

 

　　D. don't

 

　　7. What was Jim doing _______ the teacher came in?

 

　　A. while

 

　　B. and

 

　　C. when

 

　　D. but

 

　　8. You must stop ______ the policeman say: "stop!"

 

　　A. that

 

　　B. if

 

　　C. then

 

　　D. until

 

　　9. --The boy failed to pass the English examination.

 

　　--______ he didn't work hard.

 

　　A. If

 

　　B. Because

 

　　C. When

 

　　D. So

 

　　10. I'll go for a walk with you if it ______ tomorrow?

 

　　A. won't rain

 

　　B. doesn't rain

 

　　C. will rain

 

　　D. rain

 

　　實(shí)踐：

 

　　1. I get up ______ half past six every day.

 

　　A. in

 

　　B. on

 

　　C. at

 

　　D. for

 

　　2. I heard Robin ________ an English song last night.

 

　　A. sang

 

　　B. to sing

 

　　C. sing

 

　　D. sung

 

　　3. Is there _______ in today's newspaper?

 

　　A. important something

 

　　B. something important

 

　　C. important anything

 

　　D. anything important

 

　　4. _____ fine weather it is!

 

　　A. What a

 

　　B. What an

 

　　C. How

 

　　D. What

 

　　5. "Where are your bikes?"

 

　　"________ is under tree, and _______ beside the wall."

 

　　A. Mine, her

 

　　B. Me, his

 

　　C. Mine, his

 

　　D. His, her

 

　　6. ______ students listened to the report.

 

　　A. Four hundred

 

　　B. Four hundred of

 

　　C. Four hundreds of

 

　　D. Four hundreds

 

　　7. Football was once a ______ game, but now more and more girls enjoy playing it.

 

　　A. boys'

 

　　B. boy's

 

　　C. boys's

 

　　D. girl's

 

　　8. Don't move, _______ I will kill you!

 

　　A. and

 

　　B. or

 

　　C. so

 

　　D. but

 

　　9. There is _________ ink in my pen. Will you please give me _______ drops?

 

　　A. a few, a little

 

　　B. few , little

 

　　C. little, a few

 

　　D. little, a little

 

　　10.They could hardly believe it, _______?

 

　　A. couldn't they

 

　　B. could they

 

　　C. can't they

 

　　D. can they

 

　　11."May I smoke here ?" "No, you _______."

 

　　A. can't

 

　　B. needn't

 

　　C. mustn't

 

　　D. may not

 

　　12.His father ________ for six years.

 

　　A. has died

 

　　B. has been dead

 

　　C. has dead

 

　　D. has been death

 

　　13.There is ________ umbrella in the room. _______ umbrella is in the corner.

 

　　A. the, the

 

　　B. a, The

 

　　C. an, The

 

　　D. an, A

 

　　14.It was ______ the Christmas Eve that I first saw him.

 

　　A. at

 

　　B. in

 

　　C. on

 

　　D. by

 

　　15.She has an pencil in one hand, a pen in ________.

 

　　A. others

 

　　B. another

 

　　C. the other

 

　　D. the others